Twilight 24. AN IMPASSE

24. AN IMPASSE My eyes opened to a splendid, white light. I was in a new room, a white room. The divider alongside me was shrouded in long vertical blinds; over my head, the glaring lights blinded me. I was propped up on a hard, lopsided bed †a bed with rails. The cushions were level and knotty. There was an irritating signaling sound some place close by. I trusted that implied I was as yet alive. Demise shouldn't be this awkward. My hands were totally wound up with clear cylinders, and something was taped over my face, right in front of me. I lifted my hand to scam it. â€Å"No, you don't.† And cool fingers got my hand. â€Å"Edward?† I turned my head somewhat, and his stunning face was simply creeps from mine, his jaw laying on the edge of my pad. I understood again that I was alive, this time with appreciation and delight. â€Å"Oh, Edward, I'm so sorry!† â€Å"Shhhh,† he shushed me. â€Å"Everything's okay now.† â€Å"What happened?† I was unable to recollect plainly, and my psyche defied me as I attempted to review. â€Å"I was past the point of no return. I could have been too late,† he murmured, his voice tormented. â€Å"I was so dumb, Edward. I thought he had my mom.† â€Å"He deceived us all.† â€Å"I need to call Charlie and my mom,† I understood through the fog. â€Å"Alice called them. Ren?â ¦e is here †well, here in the clinic. She's grabbed a bite right now.† â€Å"She's here?† I attempted to sit up, however the turning in my mind quickened, and his hand pushed me delicately down onto the pads. â€Å"She'll be back soon,† he guaranteed. â€Å"And you have to remain still.† â€Å"But what did you tell her?† I froze. I had no enthusiasm for being alleviated. My mother was here and I was recouping from a vampire assault. â€Å"Why did you reveal to her I'm here?† â€Å"You tumbled down two stairwells and through a window.† He delayed. â€Å"You need to concede, it could happen.† I moaned, and it hurt. I gazed down at my body under the sheet, the immense knot that was my leg. â€Å"How awful am I?† I inquired. â€Å"You have a messed up leg, four broken ribs, a few splits in your skull, wounds covering every last bit of your skin, and you've lost a ton of blood. They gave you a couple of transfusions. I didn't care for it †it made you smell all wrong for a while.† â€Å"That probably been a decent change for you.† â€Å"No, I like how you smell.† â€Å"How did you do it?† I asked discreetly. He comprehended what I implied without a moment's delay. â€Å"I'm not sure.† He turned away from my pondering eyes, lifting my dressing wrapped hand from the bed and holding it delicately in his, cautious not to upset the wire interfacing me to one of the screens. I stood by quietly for the rest. He murmured without restoring my look. â€Å"It was impossible†¦ to stop,† he murmured. â€Å"Impossible. In any case, I did.† He gazed upward at long last, with a large portion of a grin. â€Å"I must love you.† â€Å"Don't I taste on a par with I smell?† I grinned accordingly. That hurt my face. â€Å"Even better †better than I'd imagined.† â€Å"I'm sorry,† I was sorry. He raised his eyes to the roof. â€Å"Of all the things to apologize for.† â€Å"What should I am sorry for?† â€Å"For practically removing yourself from me forever.† â€Å"I'm sorry,† I was sorry once more. â€Å"I know why you did it.† His voice was consoling. â€Å"It was as yet unreasonable, obviously. You ought to have hung tight for me, you ought to have told me.† â€Å"You wouldn't have let me go.† â€Å"No,† he concurred in an inauspicious tone, â€Å"I wouldn't.† Some exceptionally terrible recollections were starting to return to me. I shivered, and afterward jumped. He was immediately on edge. â€Å"Bella, what's wrong?† â€Å"What happened to James?† â€Å"After I pulled him off you, Emmett and Jasper dealt with him.† There was a furious note of disappointment in his voice. This confounded me. â€Å"I didn't see Emmett and Jasper there.† â€Å"They needed to leave the room†¦ there was a great deal of blood.† â€Å"But you stayed.† â€Å"Yes, I stayed.† â€Å"And Alice, and Carlisle†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I said in wonder. â€Å"They love you, as well, you know.† A blaze of difficult pictures from the last time I'd seen Alice helped me to remember something. â€Å"Did Alice see the tape?† I asked tensely. â€Å"Yes.† another sound obscured his voice, a tone of sheer contempt. â€Å"She was consistently in obscurity, that is the reason she didn't remember.† â€Å"I know. She comprehends now.† His voice was even, yet his face was dark with anger. I attempted to arrive at his face with my free hand, yet something halted me. I looked down to see the IV pulling at my hand. â€Å"Ugh.† I recoiled. â€Å"What is it?† he asked restlessly †diverted, however insufficient. The grimness didn't totally leave his eyes. â€Å"Needles,† I clarified, turning away from the one in my grasp. I focused on a twisted roof tile and attempted to inhale profoundly notwithstanding the hurt in my ribs. â€Å"Afraid of a needle,† he murmured to himself faintly, shaking his head. â€Å"Oh, a twisted vampire, plan on tormenting her to death, sure, no issue, she runs off to meet him. An IV, on the other hand†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I feigned exacerbation. I was satisfied to find that this response, in any event, was without torment. I chose to change the subject. â€Å"Why are you here?† I inquired. He gazed at me, first disarray and afterward hurt contacting his eyes. His foreheads arranged as he glared. â€Å"Do you need me to leave?† â€Å"No!† I dissented, frightened by the idea. â€Å"No, I implied, for what reason does my mother believe you're here? I have to have my story straight before she gets back.† â€Å"Oh,† he stated, and his brow smoothed go into marble. â€Å"I came to Phoenix to talk some detect into you, to persuade you to return to Forks.† His wide eyes were so sincere and genuine, I nearly trusted him myself. â€Å"You consented to see me, and you drove out to the lodging where I was remaining with Carlisle and Alice †obviously I was here with parental supervision,† he embedded uprightly, â€Å"but you stumbled on the steps while in transit to my room and†¦ well, you know the rest. You don't have to recollect any subtleties, however; you have a decent reason to be somewhat jumbled about the better points.† I contemplated it for a second. â€Å"There are a couple of imperfections with that story. Like no messed up windows.† â€Å"Not really,† he said. â€Å"Alice had somewhat an excessive amount of fun manufacturing proof. It's completely been dealt with convincingly †you could likely sue the inn on the off chance that you needed to. You don't have anything to stress about,† he guaranteed, stroking my cheek with the lightest of contacts. â€Å"Your just occupation presently is to heal.† I wasn't so lost to the irritation or the mist of drug that I didn't react to his touch. The signaling of the screen bounced around unpredictably †presently he wasn't the one in particular who could hear my heart get out of hand. â€Å"That will be embarrassing,† I mumbled to myself. He laughed, and a theoretical look came into his eye. â€Å"Hmm, I wonder†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He inclined in gradually; the blaring clamor quickened fiercely before his lips even contacted me. Be that as it may, when they did, however with the most delicate of weight, the blaring halted through and through. He pulled back suddenly, his on edge articulation going to help as the screen announced the restarting of my heart. â€Å"It appears that I will must be significantly more cautious with you than usual.† He glared. â€Å"I was not got done with kissing you,† I grumbled. â€Å"Don't make me come over there.† He smiled, and bowed to squeeze his lips delicately to mine. The screen went wild. Be that as it may, at that point his lips were tight. He pulled away. â€Å"I think I hear your mother,† he stated, smiling once more. â€Å"Don't leave me,† I cried, an unreasonable flood of frenzy flooding through me. I was unable to release him †he may vanish from me once more. He read the fear in my eyes for a brief second. â€Å"I won't,† he guaranteed gravely, and afterward he grinned. â€Å"I'll take a nap.† He moved from the hard plastic seat close by to the turquoise fake calfskin chair at the foot of my bed, inclining it right back, and shutting his eyes. He was entirely still. â€Å"Don't neglect to breathe,† I murmured snidely. He took a full breath, his eyes despite everything shut. I could hear my mom now. She was conversing with somebody, perhaps a medical attendant, and she sounded drained and upset. I needed to leap out of the bed and hurry to her, to quiet her, guarantee that everything was fine. In any case, I wasn't in any kind of shape for bouncing, so I stood by fretfully. The entryway opened a split, and she looked through. â€Å"Mom!† I murmured, my voice brimming with affection and alleviation. She took in Edward's despite everything structure on the chair, and pussyfooted to my bedside. â€Å"He never leaves, does he?† she murmured to herself. â€Å"Mom, I'm so happy to see you!† She bowed down to embrace me delicately, and I felt warm tears falling on my cheeks. â€Å"Bella, I was so upset!† â€Å"I'm sorry, Mom. Be that as it may, everything's fine presently, it's okay,† I support her. â€Å"I'm only happy to at long last observe your eyes open.† She sat on the edge of my bed. I out of nowhere acknowledged I didn't have any thought when it was. â€Å"How long have they been closed?† â€Å"It's Friday, hon, you've been out for a while.† â€Å"Friday?† I was stunned. I attempted to recall what day it had been when†¦ however I would not like to think about that. â€Å"They

Religious Persecution Free Essays

Strict Persecution Religious mistreatment is a perplexing circumstance on the planet. Numerous nations have this circumstance. In the nation of Whitia, a huge gathering of Whitians is being mistreated for its strict convictions by a bigger strict gathering. We will compose a custom paper test on Strict Persecution or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now They are not permitted to love or show their strict convictions in any capacity. They’re being stoned and detained, and their strict pioneer has been singed at the stake. It is difficult to tackle this issue by its own administration. The United States ought to engage in this circumstance. The United States could engage in this circumstance by a few different ways, for example, giving food and medication to the Whitians who are being oppressed, and conversing with Whitian government. Individuals in Whitia who are being mistreated need food and medication. Be that as it may, they can’t get those things from their own administration in light of the fact that the bigger strict gathering controls the legislature. The bigger strict gathering sees them as foes in light of their diverse strict convictions, so they won’t offer anything to them. A great deal of Whitians pass on by appetite and sickness. This circumstance bothers theâ conflict between the two distinctive strict gatherings. With the United States’ help, food and medication will spare a ton of people’s life. Intercession Action is useful for decreasing the contention between the two gatherings. The United States can likewise converse with the Whitian government about the significance of people’s life and opportunity. It could cause the administration to understand that everybody ought to have the option to pick their convictions, and they shouldâ stopâ the violenceâ between the two distinctive strict gatherings. The Unites States has just helped a great deal of nations, for example, Jordan, Sudan and Egypt. The assistance is useful to comprehend the strict abuse and have spared a great deal of people’s life in those nations. Help will be powerful in Whitia, as well. One of my companions, Gavin, has diverse supposition. He feels that the United States ought not engage in this circumstance on account of its gigantic money related expense. What I need to state is that it will really cost a great deal of cash to purchase the food and medication, yet it is genuinely worth in light of the fact that the cash is to spare people’s life. Cash is made by individuals. The estimation of moneyâ cannot beâ comparedâ with theâ life. So the United States ought to engage in this circumstance regardless of how much cash it will cost. Strict oppression in Whitia is a difficult which isn't anything but difficult to unravel, and the United States ought to get included to help Whitians fathom it. The most effective method to refer to Religious Persecution, Essay models

The Adaptations of I Love Dick and The Handmaids Tale are Better Than the Books

The Adaptations of I Love Dick and The Handmaid’s Tale are Better Than the Books This is a guest post from Michelle Hart. Michelle received her M.F.A. from Rutgers University-Newark, where she currently teaches Writing Composition and Contemporary American Literature. In the second episode of Amazon’s I Love Dick, Chris (Kathryn Hahn) asks Devon, the woman fixing Chris’s fridge who is herself an aspiring artist, whether she’s ever heard of Maya Deren. When Devon says she hasn’t, Chris, frantically, says, “She’s supposed to be the most important female filmmaker, and, you know, to beâ€"God’s honest truthâ€"I think she’s boring as shit. It’s like impenetrable.” Chris Kraus’s “novel,” I Love Dick, is considered a seminal book by a female artist. Undoubtedly, it’s an incisive exploration of female desire and female ambition. But it works better as a philosophical treatise or an essay than it does a novel. What hampers it as a form of entertainment is also what makes the book unique: its epistolary nature. That it’s written as a series of letters, broken up by the occasional bits of connective narrative tissue, allows Kraus to expound, stream-of-consciously, the difficulties of being a female artist, of being a woman with a voracious desire both for sex and for experience. The novel is essentially a 200-page essay. God’s honest truth? It’s impenetrable. Amazon’s adaptation of the novel, helmed by Jill Soloway, externalizes the ideas present in the novel and is thus more successful, ultimately, in living up to the novel’s ambitions. This is certainly due in large part to Kathryn Hahn, whose frequent oscillation between mania and considered thoughtfulness animate Chris’s personality in a way the novel never quite could. But even on a scene level, the immediacy of television allows the audience to really see the effects Dick (Kevin Bacon) has on Chris and her husband Sylvere. The second episode of the show opens with a wild sex scene, one that mixes fantasy and reality, reveling and indulging in the characters’ ecstasy. Kraus’s novel is an intellectual tour-de-force of female desire; Soloway’s adaptation is a visceral one. While Kraus seeks to tell the story of her mind, Soloway seeks to tell the story of Chris’s body. In the book, Chris observes and tells; in the show, Chris does. Also in the aforementioned conversation with Devon, Chris admits that she prefers Spielberg and Scorsese to Deren. There’s something to be said for story-driven work, works that take big ideas and allow them to breathe in the context of narratives. This is also why, contrary to popular belief, Hulu’s adaptation of The Handmaid’s Tale succeeds over its source material. In Atwood’s novel, Offred mostly observes. She is a witness, a fly on the wall. Of course this maybe one of its points: that women are confined to watching their lives, discouraged from being active participants in those lives. And some of the best scenes in Hulu’s adaptation involve Offred (Elizabeth Moss) receiving information about her new nightmarish world. Yet, because of the conventions of a story-driven medium like television, Moss’s Offred must not only receive but must also transmit. Because these books have become television series, their narratives have grown to include more charactersâ€"not just more bodies, but more personalities. Both novels feel to some degree myopic; they include only one woman’s view of the world. The television series I Love Dick devotes an entire episode to the desires of other women. It’s no coincidence that both stories have been expanded to include queer women. In stories about female desire, thwarted or otherwise, the presence of queer women is essentialâ€"not just as concepts but as flesh-and-blood characters. Atwood’s novel feels like an idea in much the same way Kraus’s novel feels like an idea. And to be clear, they are both astounding ideas. Kraus’s book is so indelible because it dares to show women’s creative and sexual ambitions in both flattering and unflattering light. Atwood’s conception of America as a world built by and for female oppression is particularly astute given what the political landscape in 2017 looks like. No doubt, I Love Dick and The Handmaid’s Tale are books anchored by incredible ideas. But the television adaptations of I Love Dick and The Handmaid’s Tale are anchored by incredible stories.

Bshs/422 - Cultural Diversity and Special Populations...

Final Exam Monty Picklesimer BSHS/422 - Cultural Diversity and Special Populations January 28, 2013 Shana D. Lewis, LPC, NCC Final Exam 1. What do you need to find out about Esmeralda and her family in order to create the most comprehensive treatment plan? Consider all-important areas that effect Esmeralda and her childrens overall wellbeing based on the information given in the case study. Be specific, identify, and list what areas need to be included in Esmeraldas treatment plan. How will you find out this information? 1. Esmeralda is determined eligible for services after the intake staff completed the assessment instrument so developing a care plan is necessary for Esmeralda. The majority of immigrants that do not speak†¦show more content†¦Because the family belongs to an extremely small ethnic group, Esmeralda and her family may be suffering from discrimination in hiring practices or discrimination in school. â€Å"Social problems are societal induced conditions that harm any segment of the population. Social problems are also related to acts and conditions that violate the norms and values found in society† (Long, 2012, para. 3). 3. What do you need to know about her cultural values/beliefs that may affect the delivery of social services? (Hint: **Consider specific cultural issues discussed in class. **) Be specific. Why is it important to know this information as her caseworker? How will you obtain that information? 3. Differences in values and beliefs define a persons choice for mental and physical health care. â€Å"Because health care is a cultural construct, arising from beliefs about the nature of disease and the human body, cultural issues are actually central in the delivery of health services treatment and preventive interventions† (Office of Minority Health, 2005, p. 6). It is important to acknowledge that Esmeralda fits into two categories of minority because Esmeralda is a Latina. It is important to know that Hispanic women are less likely to make full use of many social services even when they are provided to them. Hispanics normally are family oriented and that means Esmeralda will probably want to involve her family in any treatment program she

John Burns - Civilian Hero of the Battle of Gettysburg

B-Tec Sport Risk Factors Free Essays

Figure 1: Head injuries (e.g. concussion, unconsciousness), spinal injuries, simple and compound fractures, joint injuries (e. We will write a custom essay sample on B-Tec Sport Risk Factors or any similar topic only for you Order Now g. dislocations, tennis and golf elbow, torn cartilage, twisted ankle), soft tissue, cuts, grazes and blisters, dehydration and hypothermia. Risk Factor Sporting Situation Most likely injury to occur Impact of injury on successful sports performance Short term Effects Long term Effects Lack of warm-up Football Pulled muscles e.g. pulled hamstring, pulled quadriceps etc†¦ The short term affect of a lack of warm up is that it you could pull your muscles. The time that you are out of action for will depend on the extent of the injury. The normal period of time that you will be out for with pulled muscles is 2-3 weeks. The long term affects of a lack of warm up is that it could take longer for you to recover from any injuries that you might have. A constant lack of warm up will result in you being out of action for a longer period when you are injured in the future. Lack of cool down Football Cramp The short term affect of a lack of cool down is that it can cause a build up of lactic acid which will lead to cramp. To prevent this, all you need to do is do a short cool down at the end of each physical activity e.g. light jog around the playing area. The long term affects of a lack of cool down is that you will be required to warm up more than usual to loosen up any tight muscles before participating in any future physical activities. Constant lack of cool down may cause you to get cramp persistently. Poor physical fitness/physique Football Pulled muscles e.g. calf strain, pulled quadriceps The short term affect of poor physical fitness and a poor physique is that it will cause pulled muscles. To prevent this, all that is required is for you to stay in shape by doing regular exercise. The exercise does not have to be done at a high intensity level as long as you exercise regularly. The long term affects of poor physical fitness and a poor physique is that it will take you longer to recover from injuries. For example if you get a hamstring injury, it will normally take you two weeks to recover from it. However, if you have poor physical fitness and a poor physique, it might take you 3-4 weeks. Risk Factor Sporting Situation Most likely injury to occur Impact of injury on successful sports performance Short term Effects Long term Effects Inadequate diet Boxing Back strain, dehydration, unconsciousness. The short term affect of having an inadequate diet is that can cause injury. Carrying extra weight can cause you to get a back strain. It can also cause you to perform poorly. Sports stars especially boxers need to have a good diet consisting of carbohydrates, calcium, fats (not too much), fibre, minerals, proteins and vitamins. The long term affects of having an inadequate diet is that it can limit the amount of time that you are involved in sport at the highest level. If you eat too much fatty foods it will lead to weight gain, which will then be harder to get rid of as you get older. Over dehydrating can also cause you to fall unconscious. This can be a big risk to your general health. Misuse of alcohol drugs Boxing Unconsciousness, drowsiness, dehydration etc†¦ The short term affect of misuse of alcohol and drugs is that it can cause drowsiness and dehydration. Too much alcohol and drugs could even lead to you fainting. There are not many negative short term affects of taking performance enhancing drugs. However, there are negative long term affects. For misuse of alcohol and drugs. The long term affects of misuse of alcohol and drugs are that it can cause permanent damage to organs in the body which can affect performance in sport. Too much alcohol can cause damage to the liver which can make it difficult for the athlete to perform. Misuse and overuse of alcohol and drugs can also result in decrease in stamina. Stamina is one of the most important aspects of a boxer. Drinking alcohol and taking drugs excessively can also slow down your reactions. Environment Football Cuts, grazes and dislocations. The short term affect of an environment with dangerous surroundings is that you could injure yourself e.g. if a player slid into the advertisement boards he could get cut etc†¦ The long term affect of an environment with dangerous surroundings such as advertisement boards is that you can dislocate a part of your body which can result you being out of action for a while. Poor technique Rugby Dislocations, broken arm, broken leg, bruising etc†¦ The short term affect of poor technique can be a minor injury such as bruising. This might keep you out of action for about a week depending on the extent of the bruising. If a rugby player has not been taught the correct way to tackle, he could injure himself as well as the opposing player. The long term affects of poor technique are that it can cause a serious injury. These injuries can include a dislocated shoulder, broken arm, broken leg etc†¦ These injuries can keep you out for quite a long time. Another long term affect is that until you don’t work on your technique, you will continue to cause injury and you will also be a technically poor athlete. Risk Factor Sporting Situation Most likely injury to occur Impact of injury on successful sports performance Short term Effects Long term Effects Lack of skill Basketball Twisted ankle, ligament damage. The short term affect of a lack of skill is that you can get an injury such as a twisted ankle. If a basketball player tries to a slam dunk but he lands awkwardly he might twist his ankle. The long term affects of a lack of skill is that you can get ligament damage. This is the type of injury that can affect your future performances even when you have fully recovered. Inappropriate clothing Rugby Torn ligaments, broken leg. The short affect of inappropriate clothing is that it can affect your performance. For example if you make good runs but you have a loose t-shirt, an opposing player is likely to take advantage by constantly pulling you t-shirt which will prevent you from playing your best. The long term affects of inappropriate clothing is that it can cause serious injury. If you have a loose t-shirt on and an opposing player pulls your t-shirt and you fall down in an awkward position you could get seriously injured. You could get torn ligaments there is even a possibility of you breaking you leg. This will keep you out for a long time. Overtraining Football Pulled hamstring, pulled quadriceps, cramp, muscle fatigue. The short term affect of overtraining if muscle fatigue and cramp. Overtraining is bad for the body. You should only train according to how much your body can endure. This will prevent muscle fatigue and cramp. The long term affect of overtraining is also muscle fatigue. If continue to persistently over train, your body will finally give in and you will have to take a long break from any physical activity. Constantly overtraining can also cause you to pull you muscles such as pulled quadriceps. Weather conditions Football Twisted ankle, ligament damage. The short term affect of poor weather conditions is that it can have a negative affect on your performance. If the football pitch is waterlogged, it will be difficult to play well. The long term affect of poor weather conditions is that you can get injured. The weather might be so poor that it might affect the pitch in a bad way which can cause the players to get injuries such as twisted ankles and ligament damage. Playing surface Football Twisted ankle, ligament damage. The short term affect of a poor playing surface is that can affect your performance in the game. If the pitch has lumps and big patches of mud, players will find it difficult to perform well. The long term affect of a poor playing surface is that it can cause injury. Your foot might get caught in the ground which can result in a twisted ankle or ankle ligament damage. Risk Factor Sporting Situation Most likely injury to occur Impact of injury on successful sports performance Short term Effects Long term Effects Lifting and carrying procedures for specialist equipment Rugby Back strain, twisted ankle. The short term affect of not using the correct procedure when lifting something is injuring yourself as well as the player you are lifting. The correct way of lifting something or someone is to bend your knees and back. The long term affect of not using the correct procedure when lifting something or someone is permanent damage. If you lift something or someone in an incorrect way you could do some permanent damage to your back. This will limit what you can do in future physical activities. Inappropriate or lack of specialist sporting equipment Rugby Bruising, cuts, concussion. The short term affect of having a lack of specialist sporting equipment is that it can cause injury. For example If a rugby player is not wearing a mouth-guard, he could get his teeth knocked out. The long term affect of having a lack of specialist sporting equipment is that can affect your performance and it can cause you to get injured more often. Misuse of protective equipment Boxing Groin injury, concussion etc†¦ The short term affect of misuse of protective equipment is that you will be more prone to injuries. For example if a boxer needs to wear a foul protector but he doesn’t he will get injured if he gets punched in the groin. The long term affect of misuse of protective equipment is that you will get injured very easily. If you don’t use a mouth guard when boxing, you could get damage to the mouth. Faulty and damaged equipment Football Twisted ankle, bruising to the shin, shin splits etc†¦ The short term affect of using faulty and damaged equipment is that it might cause injury. If you don’t wear shin pads, you will come out with bruising to the shin in the least possible scenario. The long term affect of using faulty and damaged equipment is that you can get seriously injured. If a player tackles you with a lot of force on your shins, you can split your shins. This is a very painful injury and will keep you out of action for a while. Behaviour of other participants endangering others Football Bruising, cuts, grazes, concussion etc †¦ The short term affect of this is that you will pick up an injury that will probably keep you out of physical action for about a couple of weeks. The long term affect of this is that you might get permanent scaring or cuts if players start going out of order e.g. fighting. How to cite B-Tec Sport Risk Factors, Papers

Middle East Water Shortage Essay Example For Students

Middle East Water Shortage Essay Middle East Water ShortageDue to geography and population growth, the Middle East nations are faced with a growing demand for a shrinking water supply. Throughout most of the Middle East region rainfall is irregular and the rainy season is very short. The World Bank reports that this area (including North Africa) has 5% of the worlds population, but only 1% of the worlds water. Droughts have been occurring more frequently and lasting longer, warning of a bleaker future. Man himself has not helped the situation. The rivers in the Middle East are being diverted, dammed, aquifers are being drained and polluted by pesticides and sea salt, and even marshes are drying up due to over-pumping. The countries that do have access to the precious few water sources do not conserve it, preserve it, nor can they agree on how to manage and share the water fairly. The need for water is not only for human consumption, but it is also vital in order to sustain agriculture. A nation that is unable to produce enough water and thus, food, for their own people is reliant on other nations to provide for them. This dependence can give rise to suspicion and conflict, which unsurprisingly has plagued this area of the world for centuries. The population in the Middle East has been growing rapidly, both from an increased birth-rate and immigration. For example, the Jordan River basin population has quintupled since 1940, to 15 million people, creating detrimental damage to both the amount and quality of water. More and more water is needed to keep up with the population growth, and the current consumption in the Middle East already exceeds the annual rainfall needed to replenish the basins. The additional human population is stressing environment and is affecting temperature in the region, changing the climate for the worse. The methods of carrying the water from source to user are inefficient, and much water is wasted. Most systems are outdated and leaking, some losing up to 60% back into the ground. Others have been tampered with by those wishing to pilfer some of the valuable life-giving liquid. The West Bank loses 50% of their water to illegal drilling. Of the water that does make it to the population, pollution fr om wastewater, sewage or pesticides has made much of the water unusable in much of the Middle East. The Middle Eastern nations most affected by the water crisis are Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Syria, Iraq and Turkey. The Nile basin has been quite stable since Egypt entered into an agreement in 1929 with ten adjacent countries that is still in effect today. Development in Africa worries them, however, as Egypts relies on the Nile for 98% of its irrigation water, and to support its 70 million people. In the Jordan River basin, the lack of alternatives for fresh water has increased the dependency of both Israel and Jordan on the river. After 40 years of war, the two countries signed a peace treaty in 1994 which included specific rights to the Jordan River. Not only does this treaty state specific periods of time each country can pump water, it also includes provisions for monitoring water quality and prohibiting pollution. Turkey, Syria and Iraq all share the important Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, which once sheltered the cradle of civilization, Mesopotamia. The two rivers originate in Turkey, offering them the most control over the rivers, and power over their southern neighbors. Riparian countries like Turkey have the upper hand in the Middle East, as they have additional rainfall that the more arid southern countries do not. They control the tops of the rivers, and by diverting the water they get additional resources, while at the same time they lessen the volume of the rivers to the countries downstream. These countries are often less interested in negotiating with the countries in dire need of water, since their needs are already being satisfied. Turkey is currently involved in the Southeastern Anatolia Project (GAP) program and intends to construct 22 dams, and 19 hydraulic power plants and will irrigate 1.7 million hectares of land (one hectare equals 10,000 square meters) with the water of the Euphrates River. Turkey didnt consult any adjacent countries regarding this project, and acted unilaterally, even though the other countries would be greatly affected by the decision. And this wasnt the first time they had angered their neighbors. .udd615b2096b43fb0b7f22abff306d99b , .udd615b2096b43fb0b7f22abff306d99b .postImageUrl , .udd615b2096b43fb0b7f22abff306d99b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udd615b2096b43fb0b7f22abff306d99b , .udd615b2096b43fb0b7f22abff306d99b:hover , .udd615b2096b43fb0b7f22abff306d99b:visited , .udd615b2096b43fb0b7f22abff306d99b:active { border:0!important; } .udd615b2096b43fb0b7f22abff306d99b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udd615b2096b43fb0b7f22abff306d99b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udd615b2096b43fb0b7f22abff306d99b:active , .udd615b2096b43fb0b7f22abff306d99b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udd615b2096b43fb0b7f22abff306d99b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udd615b2096b43fb0b7f22abff306d99b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udd615b2096b43fb0b7f22abff306d99b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udd615b2096b43fb0b7f22abff306d99b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udd615b2096b43fb0b7f22abff306d99b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udd615b2096b43fb0b7f22abff306d99b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udd615b2096b43fb0b7f22abff306d99b .udd615b2096b43fb0b7f22abff306d99b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udd615b2096b43fb0b7f22abff306d99b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Book review of Jackie Robinson EssayIn 1990 Turkey stopped the flow of the Euphrates when filling a giant lake and forced two bitter enemies, Syria and Iraq, to look past their political differences and unite against Turkey. Turkey withdrew and the flow was returned after three weeks, instead of the intended month. The GAP construction project is expected to reduce the flow of water into Syria by 40% of its 1980 volume, roughly 7,000 billion gallons. Turkey also intends on harnessing the flow of the Tigris River, diverting 90% of the current volume away from Iraq. Turkeys actions will have repercussions in the years to come as these projects near completion. The new democr acy of Iraq will find itself forced into an old conflict and could unite again with Syria. Solving all of the problems that have caused the crisis, and problems caused by the crisis is complex. Instituting population control, pollution control, and finding new fresh water sources require more than one countrys attention and commitment. Some currently available techniques can help reduce the burden by helping to conserve the current supply. Improved agricultural irrigation techniques such as irrigating when evaporation is minimal, or using effective methods to apply water such as drip systems, could reduce water use significantly. Other options are to grow crops that require less water or are salt-tolerant. Recycling wastewater is a starting point in conserving the limited water supply. A wide range of options for treatment are available. Systems range from inexpensive sand filters to sophisticated water treatment facilities running reverse osmosis and ion exchange processes. Desalinization, or the removal of salts from seawaters, has been gaining popularity as a solution to the Middle Eastern water problem. New laser technologies and decreasing costs have established desalinization as the technique for the future. Saudi Arabia and Israel have already invested in building plants; however, the technology still remains quite expensive. Improved irrigation techniques, recycling and desalination, or rational use of water are interim solutions for the short term. Unfortunately, the only possible sustainable solution for the Middle East water crisis is brought up rarely by the responsible decision-makers. Only cooperation in an international institution governing water usage and control among the countries in the region, including Turkey and the Gulf-states, can prevent a

Periodic Table Essays - Chemistry, Nature, Periodic Table

Periodic Table Periodic Table First noticed by Greek people in about 400BC. They used the words element, and atom to describe the differences and smallest parts of matter. Those ideas lasted for 2000 years. Elements were Earth, Fire, Air, and Water that explained world stuff easily came and went. In the 1600s Boyle, an experimenter, influenced by Democritus, Gassendi, and Descartes lent important weight to the atomic theory of matter. In the 1700s Lavoisier divided the elements into four classes. John Dalton suggested that the mass of an atom is the important property. The chemical elements are composed of... indivisible particles of matter, called atoms... atoms of the same element are identical in all respects, particularly weight. n the 1800s Doereiner said that some elements had a relative atomic mass, and DeChancourtois made a table of elements to show the periodic reoccurrence of properties. In the 1860s Newland made a table of elements giving them a serial number in order of their atomic weighs starting with Hydrogen. Meyer and Mendeleyev made periodic tables independently. Meyer made it more periodicity of physical properties, and Mendeleyev made it more on the chemical properties. Mendeleyev published his periodic table & law in 1869. Periodic tables have always been related to how scientists thought about the shape and structure of the atom. Later, the table was reordered by Mosely according to atomic numbers(nuclear charge) instead of weight. Harry D. Hubbard, of the United States National Bureau of Standards, modernized Mendeleyevs periodic table. It got published in 1924. It was called the Periodic Chart of the Atoms. In the 1930s the heaviest elements were being put into the periodis table. The Alexander Arrangement of the Elements, a three-dimensional periodic chart designed and patented by Roy Alexander and introduced in 1994, retains the separate Lenthanide and Actinide series, but integrated them at the same time, made possible by using all three dimensions. The Periodic Table is an arrangement of the chemical elements. Its also an important reference for chemists and is the basis of chemical classification throughout the world. Bibliography Barlow, John Perry. The Elements Mar-Apr. 1995 Science Essays

Responding to Stress essays

Responding to Stress essays Suppose that you are in your car in the middle of a traffic jam heading home from school after a terrible day. You feel frustrated and groan as you think about the calculus midterm you have tomorrow, which you still have to study for. Suddenly, you have to hit the brakes. Your heart starts beating faster and you insult the driver whom nearly made you crash. Are these reactions normal? Indeed they are, since they are merely examples of stress. Many everyday circumstances, such as deadlines, tests, debts, and conflicts in personal relationships are stressful. Routine hassles at home, school, and work may create strain that affects mental and physical health and decreases the quality of life because tension accumulates. Stress is an everyday occurrence that renders emotional, physiological, and behavioral responses. When people are under stress, they usually react emotionally. Emotional responses are a natural and normal part of life, although most of the time stress tends to elicit unpleasant emotions rather than pleasurable ones. However, these unpleasant emotions serve an important purpose, since sometimes stress can make one cry and crying functions as an excellent therapy to get rid of pressure. Some common emotional responses to stress include irritation, frustration, and depression. For instance, because many people undergo mood swings and become irritated as a reaction to stress, they may end up hurting their relatives or friends. Even more, some people might become frustrated as they notice that they cannot achieve what they want at a particular moment. This frustration makes one feel hopeless and leads to depression. Depression is the most common emotional response to stress. People, not being able to adapt to change appropriately, may feel overwhelmed and often fail to recogn ize that they have a problem. When the situation comes to the point of depression, it is necessary to seek profe ...

Reading Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Reading - Essay Example In past people used to willing spend much time on reading, reminiscing and thinking about what is written in these materials. Furthermore, the content provided by present writers lacks investment of much effort and thought. Previously, writers used to spend great amount of time on writing and paying close attention to what they write. This is quite evident as old writings used to have in-depth details. Today’s writers focus on the quantity of writing instead of focusing on the quality of it. I agree with Macdonald’s opinion that the printed material in present days is not worth reading and putting in extra effort to understand what is written in a patient and involved manner. We can simply skim these materials quickly to know what is being talked about in these writings and that is all we need to know. When I was in secondary level of schooling in China, I was accustomed to reading the daily newspaper as soon as I used to wake up. This custom was handed to be by my own grandparents. My grandparents used to read the newspaper in quite an attentive manner. They used to do so even when they had obtained ample amount of information from televised news. They used to claim that reading the news is much satisfactory than simply watching it over television. They instructed me to decrease the rhythm of reading newspaper because they believed that newspaper have a lot of information and knowledge to offer. However, now I have being betraying their custom of reading newspapers. I feel that I am betraying them because I believe that reading newspapers and articles again and again is of no use and I even find this practice quite boring. Every day newspapers and their different sections contain information that is simply flashy and these newspapers lack significant information. The information in the newspaper is overwhelming to me because I do not have enough time to read them. I feel that reading newspapers is a waste of time. Due to

Roadblocks to Democracy in Iraq Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Roadblocks to Democracy in Iraq - Essay Example They represent a turning point in democracy building in Iraq, and therefore, bring some light to the rather bleak picture. The future of democracy in Iraq is shrouded with doubt because there is a feeling that things go slowly. Three years have passed since the US military overthrew the thirty-five years old dictatorship in Iraq but violence has not slowed down and the state of anarchy is still prevalent. The amount of violence is incredible and it has reached a point where it spares neither the military nor civilians and neither coalition soldiers nor Iraqis. A state of rebellion has been going against the foreign soldiers since they first came to Iraq. Then violence was quickly veered towards Iraqi nationals who were suspected of cooperating with the US forces, and lately the Sunni-Shiite lashes and back-lashes have been making the news. The first waves of rebellion are suspected to be orchestrated by the followers of Saddam Hussein and more precisely former security agents in order to circumvent the US military superiority (Davies, 2004). An average of fifty-five attacks on coalition and Iraqi milita ry has been reported last year (Clark, 2005). It is clear that as long as the country remains instable, it would be hard to conduct any projects of nation-building. In such context, various observers and scholars started criticizing the very attempt of the US at democratizing Iraq putting forward the argument that democracy cannot be transplanted into a foreign soil but it rather should be home-grown. Indeed, a lot of talk has been going on whether it is proper to "export" democracies to nations in lack of. The US deems it a responsibility to expand the culture of democracy in the authoritarian states, notably Iraq. However, the fact is that there is Iraqi resistance to the American project. Surely, the resistance does not necessarily represent the majority of opinions but it has been particularly fierce. This nurtured a debate on whether there should be a transfer of democracy from one nation to another in the first place. One of the arguments that emerged from such debates is that each country has its own pace of democracy-building. In this respect, the violence and state of insurgency are understandable responses to imposition of a foreign c oncept or form of democracy. Whether the state of insurgency is a response to the imposition of democracy or not, there is one thing sure which is that Iraq has to restore order if it wants to grow into a democratic nation. A scholar, Bradley Cook, pertinently investigates the very implications of the process of democratization concluding that the difficulty experienced in Iraq is predictable (Cook, 2005). He first of all puts the issue into its historical context. Iraqis have not experienced democracy as a concrete reality for a long time. Four decades under the rule of the Ba'ath party had alienated Iraqis from the concept of democracy rendering it an abstraction, argues Cook. It does makes, according to him, all the difference to be growing in environment which is based on democracy, like American society, as opposed to a culture where there is none. This could be an explanation for why there is a national resistance to the US project of democracy in Iraq. He further assures that the democratization process as such is often violent, chaotic, and requires time. Read from this lens, the current situation Iraq is quite predictable. Bradley sees that the

Meanings of Health An Overview

Meanings of Health An Overview Definitions of health The concept of health means different things to different people. Early meanings of health Prior to World War II, health was viewed as the opposite to illness. If there was no evidence of disease or physical illness, we were considered health Any breakdown in the body system meant it was not healthy this view suggested if you were ill medicine, drugs and doctors could return you to a healthy state Using this approach health has some limitations too narrow and one dimensional disregards individuals with mental, social or spiritual illness e.g. a person may not be suffering a physical illness, but may be experiencing depression or emotional stress. World Health Organisation (WHO) definition of health Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity definition gave greater recognition to a more holistic concept of health complete suggests that you always have to have no problems with yourself at all times otherwise you are not considered healthy à ¯Ã†â€™Ã‚   unrealistic and unachievable Dimensions of Health Physical health is the wellness of the body and the absence of chronic pain or discomfort Social health is our ability to interact with other people in an interdependent and cooperative way Mental/emotional health is a state of well-being where we can realise our abilities, cope with the normal stresses of life, work productivity and make a contribution to the community Spiritual health relates to a sense of purpose and meaning in our life and to feeling connected with others and society Health is a result of complex interactions between each of the 4 dimensions. As one dimension improves, so too might another in an indirect way and vice versa. Relative and dynamic nature of health Health is dynamic and relative Dynamic health the health status of an individual is continually changing e.g. an individual go to bed feeling fine then wake up with the flu the next day Relative health the use of others to compare the health status of a particular person e.g. an individual decides that an elite sports person is healthier than their friend who is into tennis An individuals circumstances affect their health Our health status changes in relation to our circumstances. Factors that can impact on health status include: Heredity Experiences environmental factors Ability to make informed health decisions (SES) Opportunities to access health services (Location) Perceptions of Health Focuses on how health is regarded, understood and interpreted. It relates to peoples opinions of health and how these opinions are formed. Perception the way in which something is regarded, understood or interpreted Perceptions of our health Perceptions of their health how you understand health How you interpret your own health is affected by many things including: Our familys perception of health Our peers understanding of what health is and how to become it How health is portrayed in the media Our personal beliefs and preconceptions about life in general The value we place on health Our previous experiences related to health (fitness, sport, injury, illness, disease) Our environment (geographical location, access to health information and technology) Our level of health education Our perception of health will change during our life cycle INSERT TABLE Perceptions on the health of others The perceptions of the health of others is largely influenced by your view of health and what you know about the person. We tend to judge others very superficially based on our perception of their health. We may hold stereotypical beliefs about particular groups in the community and this may limit our ideas about their likely health status e.g. We may perceive a model as healthy however this is not considering all health dimensions Implications of different perceptions of health Individual level an individuals perception of their health can have a significant influence on their lifestyle choices and behaviours relating to health An accurate assessment of our level of health assists us to be proactive about our health and take appropriate action to address health concerns e.g. an individual who regularly drinks alcohol and recognises that their behaviour is having a detrimental effect on their health is more likely to stop drinking, limit their alcohol intake or seek professional help than someone who does not believe their alcohol consumption is causing them harm An incorrect or distorted assessment of our health status could lead to health behaviours that are likely to harm our overall health e.g. an individual perceiving themselves to be overweight when their weight fits within a healthy range which leads them to not eating Policy level different perceptions held by government, health professionals etc. may drive the health agenda for developing strategies and interventions this could influence policies relating to health education, budget expenditure on certain areas etc. Perceptions of health as social constructs A Social construct is a concept that recognises that people have different view based on their social circumstances and ways of seeing, interpreting, interrelating and interacting with their environment The recognition that individuals do not have complete control over their own health has contributed to the acceptance that health is a social construct. A persons health behaviours and health status are significantly determined by factors relating to the social, physical and cultural environment in which they live. Recognising health as a social construct helps us explain why some individuals or groups experience better or worse health than others. It also helps us understand why improving the health status of particular groups within the community can be a complex and prolonged process. Factors that are likely to play a role in our social construct of health: Socioeconomic status Geographical location Cultural background Gender Age Level of education Community values and expectations All these factors have an influence on: The expectations we form about our health potential The understanding we develop of what good health involves The ability we have to act on information and exert control over our own health our choices about whether we use health products and services and how they are used how we respond to challenges to our health and well-being Impact of the media, peers and family Media Investigate the trends in the health behaviours of young people Use textbook Pick 3 health behaviours substance use sexual and reproductive health food habits Identify protective and risk behaviours Sexual and reproductive health The health behaviours of young people relating to sexual activity have found to have both favourable and unfavourable trends in different areas of the behaviour. The sexual and reproductive health is a significant part of a young persons life as adolescence is a time where an individual may choose to begin participating in sexual activity. The Young Australians: their health and wellbeing 2008 report profile found that 42.5% of young people in Year 10 and Year 12 have had sexual intercourse and around 45% of the sexually active students reported having more than one sexual partner in the past 12 months and both of these numbers have increased significantly since the previous survey in 2002. As a result of a higher sexual activity rate there has been a rising number of STI contractions. The survey found that 99.8% of young people in Year 10 and 12 used a form of contraception at their most recent sexual encounter and this number is showing a favourable trend. However, there are rising rates of notifiable sexually transmissible infections among young people aged 12-24 years largely chlamydia, with 1045 per 100,000 having a STI and 945 per 100,000 being chlamydia. This shows that although young people are using contraceptive methods they may not be using barrier methods to prevent STIs. Substance use The health behaviours of young people relating to drug use Physical activity The health behaviours of young people relating to physical activity have found to have unfavourable trends. The NSW schools physical activity and nutrition survey (SPANS) 2010 found that there has been a significant decline in the physical activity level of high school students, with an exception to year 10 girls. Only 56% of surveyed students met the recommended guidelines in summer and just over 50% in winter. Another finding of the SPANS in relation to physical activity was the significant proportion of young people participating in in small screen recreation (SSR) where over 60% exceeded the recommended guideline of 2 hours on weekdays, with this increasing to 80% on weekends. This sedentary behaviour in young people will ultimately increase level of health related disease in the future.

Why is math important

Many times in life you will probably hear the quote â€Å"actions speak louder than words†. You'll probably hear it from your parents, your teachers, and maybe even your lover. Your parents will get mad at you one day because you came home at 3:00 A. M. For the 3rd time this week and you promise to never, ever disappoint them again and they'll say, â€Å"Actions speak louder than words! I'll believe it once I see it†.You'll tell your teachers that you're going to start getting better grades and stop being late to lass and they'll tell you â€Å"actions speak louder than words†¦ I'll believe it when I see it† and one day, your girlfriend will get mad at you because you forgot your 2nd month anniversary and you'll swear to her that you'll never forget again because you love her so much and she's important to you and you don't want to lose her and then she'll sigh with slight disbelief and sluggishly say â€Å"actions speak louder than words†¦ I'll believ e it once I see it†.Point is, no matter what you say, how you say it, or even how much you mean it, other people will never see the true value in your words, until hey see you doing things to prove that you really mean what you say. Coming home early to show your parents that you are willing to change Just to avoid disappointing them again, will convince them that you do seek change, trust, and forgiveness. Getting good grades and perfect attendance will show your teachers you're completely dedicated and you're 100% true to your word about doing better in school.Taking your girlfriend on a date to Six Flags for your 3rd month anniversary will show her you have changed, and you're willing to remember the little things that re important to her. You're doing things to prove a point to someone, without saying one word. Symbolic speech in America, is pretty much the same thing. People want to prove a point without saying anything because actions do speak louder than words, and they make you feel things about a certain issue that words cannot.In the United States, acts of symbolic speech should be protected by the first amendment because it is an extreme form of expressing your point through specific actions that represent and express the way you feel. Actions speak louder than words, and listening with our eyes is far more powerful than hearing with your ears. Symbolic speech is a very powerful way to represent the way you feel about a certain issue, without saying anything at all. For example, back in March 31st, 1966 David Paul O'Brien was arrested for burning his military draft card.Why would he burn his draft card? Simply because he was against the war. Things became complicated not because he burned his draft card, but because it was illegal to burn your draft card due to the Selective Service Act which prohibited the desecrating or destroying the draft card. The reason why the government didn't want these men burning their draft cards not because it rep resented them being against the Vietnam War, but because it would seriously derail the government's efforts to enlist soldiers in the war.O'Brien felt that the Selective Service Act was going against the First Amendment because he was trying to send the message that he didn't care for the war by destroying his draft card, and the government was making that illegal. He was totally against it and burning his draft card was a way of showing he didn't want anything to o with it. O'Brien knew well how important the draft card was to the government because of the war, and that's why he burned it. His message was very strong, powerful and clear.He shouldn't have been punished for putting his message out in the open. Words, or actions, they still took his right of freedom of speech away, regardless how he chose to say it. There are many ways you can express the way you feel. The most common way is through art. Through art you can express yourself, while still sending some kind of message at the same time. Symbolic speech is omitting like art, you don't have to say anything in order to express the way you feel about something, and still send a clear message.In 1984, Gregory Lee Johnson poured kerosene on an American flag and set it on fire. Many Americans would be appalled by this unacceptable behavior, but little would actually understand the meaning and reasoning behind it. He was a member of a private company who promoted the communist movement. He lit the flag on fire to protest capitalism and the way the government was being run. Johnson was expressing his anger by setting he flag on fire because he knew it was a powerful way of showing disrespect towards the country.The American flag is a immensely respected object in the U. S. And burning it is a clear way of saying that this country means nothing to him if it isn't being ran the way the people Monsoon and his private company) want it to be ran. Even though the ways symbolic speech is used can be offensive, it s hould definitely be protected under the First Amendment. It is a simple, but powerful way to express an idea and there's nothing wrong with that as long as it causes no harm to others.In conclusion, the acts of symbolic speech should be protected under the First Amendment because it is a strong, way to represent and express what you feel and believe. In the U. S. It should be okay to say what you want to say how ever you want to say it, whether it's through letters on a paper, words coming out of a mouth, or a silent action. In life you are going to hear a lot of things that you don't like, and you're going to see a lot of things that you don't like, but does the government protect you from that? Of course not.In life, we should be able to say, think, believe and do what you want because that's what this country is all about. Freedom. Freedom to be your own person, with your own points of views and perspective, and to share that with other people, regardless in what form it's share in, should be protected by the First Amendment (as long as it doesn't cause harm to others mentally/physically). Actions speak louder than words. Expressing and representing those actions should not be a crime Just because you chose to say it in a different way, silently but truly, powerfully.

What I will accomplish in This Course

In this semester I would like to improve and develop my English writing and reading skills thru English 122. English 122 is not only just a requirement for transferring to four-year institution, but also a benefit for my whole life. My ultimate goal is going to medical school in order to become a doctor in the United States, I believe what I am learning in English 122 will make a significant contribution to my career Writing is not just simply communicating ideas or expressing thoughts on paper; writing skill is essential because a person’s intelligence and personality can be seen and judged thru the paper he or she writes. Most importantly, good writing skill is essential to job interview. It is not avoidable that all the occupations need good writing to connect to employers and clients. If there is any misunderstanding between either clients or employers due to poor writing, it’s possible to loose jobs or contracts. As an international student, I never took neither English 116 nor English 118 during any semester in order to take English 122. In fact, the high school I graduated from had already prepared me to be eligible to take college level English class. One of the best parts of what I had learned in US high school is acknowledging grammar structure. When every time I take a look on my paper over and over, I can always tell where my grammar errors are and make corrections. For me personally, grammar is just made of a series of rules that I can easily memorize and go easy on it. On the other hand, I clearly feel myself lack of words through my essays, even though I am able to interpret things in simple ways. However, there is a big difference between college and high school writing and I believe that college level writing requires more sophisticated process and technique. If my essay is lack of words, specifically vocabulary and transition, the whole paper may not be interpreted that well. Another weakness I am very concerning is that I am not good at reasoning, a good paper must need to persuade readers to totally agree with my point of view. And I know my own explanation is not good enough to support my ideas. Applying to writing skills to real life, for instance, to medical school, neither scientific journals nor lab report can be presented verbally, both types of document must be written in sophisticate language. To let my professors and readers easily understand what I am trying to interpret, I definitely need a strong writing structure built up. And college level writing will build me the fundamental part in order to prepare for further education even job applications. Although I am in science major, I don’t want to think nor write as a scientist. Everything is not always static, so is the language. There might be a certain discipline in my paper but what I really want to learn from Mr. Leal is to think more critically, not simply just analyzing ideas of article, but also be able to stand on the other side to question the author.

Persona Of Jay Gatsby - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 570 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/03/26 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: The Great Gatsby Essay Did you like this example? In the book the The Great Gatsby ambiguity could play as a main theme in the story. Scratch examines Gatsby twice in Chapter I, in the start of the novel and at the finish of the part. His first references appear to be both vague and conflicting. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Persona Of Jay Gatsby" essay for you Create order He calls attention to that somehow or another he altogether objected to Gatsby: spoke to everything for which I have an unaffected contempt. However, Nick includes that Gatsby turned out okay toward the end. The main enlightens Nick gives us understanding this logical inconsistency are Gatsbys phenomenal present for expectation and his sentimental status. Scratch sees Gatsby out of the blue toward the finish of Chapter I. Gatsby remains solitary on his grass, connecting inquisitively at the sea and a green light over the sound. It seems to Nick that Gatsby trembles. Once more, Nicks depiction of Gatsby makes numerous inquiries for the peruser. Gatsby is introduced as a secret from the earliest starting point of the novel. From one viewpoint, Nick says that Gatsby spoke to everything for which he had an unaffected disdain. in the meantime, he finds in him something stunning, a fantasy quality with some increased affectability to the guarantees of life. This sets up the uncertainty in Nicks portrayal since it is a mystery. Scratch considers Gatsby to be an extortionist, which ethically conflicts with everything that Nick speaks to, yet additionally he consider Gatsby to be a serious sentimental who gained his debased riches for the sole reason for winning Daisys affection. The vagueness is that Nick loathes the evil gotten riches in most, yet in Gatsby, he considers him to be an extraordinary man and reveals to him that he merits the entire spoiled group set up together. Characteristics like supreme accurate flawlessness are even much less possible than world harmony, and they have no region in pleasant writing. Nobody identifies with the principle character that by no means gives his feelings a danger to show signs and symptoms of enhancement of him now and again. Really magnificent characters require probably some stage of accurate uncertainty. Jay Gatsby in F. Scott Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby takes phase in illicit alcohol deals and enterprise with the man who constant the World Series, which join with his most perfect of objectives and for all intents and functions common consideration to make some very equivocal ethics. Because of that equivocalness, Gatsbys persona stays defective and one whom perusers can absolutely become aware of with, while advancing the noticeable problem in the novel of the American Dreams debasement by using riches. Magnetic as Gatsby regarded to be, he pulled in companions of every sort, with each type of recommendation accompanying them. Scratch needless to say considers Gatsby his closest partner all via the novel, eminently commenting in the later phase of the book that Theyre a spoiled group. You in my view advantage the complete damn cluster set up together (154). This used to be said after an specifically sad arrangement of occasions, which at closing demonstrated the degree of his thoughtfulness and magnanimity. He had gambled all that he had, essentially for one remaining push to attempt to get Daisy, and fantastically a whole lot fizzled. At that point as Daisy heads out with him in the vehicle, she hits and kills Myrtle Wilson, and Gatsby quickly chooses to count on the entire fault for it barring the slightest hesitation.

Music Lyrics Do Not Promote Violence - 1697 Words

Music Lyrics being NON-VIOLENT Rap music can be considered a style of art, and a way for the artists to express feelings through their words on paper. However, there are quite a few rap artists that get criticized for their lyrics. In my essay, I want to discuss why rappers use certain lyrics in their music and why people shouldn’t believe that it causes violence among the younger generations. People shouldn’t censor the music just because of violent, vulgar and abusive messages it promotes to the world. I believe in my own mind, that there is a reason for these types of lyrics that rap artists use and I will simply explain those reasons in this essay. Rap has been called one of the most important music forces to emerge in two decades.†¦show more content†¦Another reason why rappers shouldn’t be criticized is because the world was violent long before rap was invented, and it is not rap music that is making the world more violent then it is already. I str ongly believe that people have the freedom of choice to listen to rap music and if you don’t like what rap artists talk about, then you do not have to listen to the music. If people didn’t have a choice that would be one thing, but as long as people have a choice to do or not to do something then they shouldn’t try to criticize it. To me, rap music is more than a strain. It is the reflection of horrible suffering, struggle and pain of the ghetto life. I feel that art reflects life, so I ask myself why aren’t the National Black leaders like Delores Tucker, more concerned about where the source of rap music exists than the work denuding these types of harsh conditions(SIRS 1993). â€Å" I think that kids know the difference between right and wrong, music and reality. They know it’s not right to go kill somebody and if there driven to that, that’s not the fault of the music,† says Jon Shecter, editor of The Source, a rap magazine(SIRS 19 93). If the people throughout the world that criticize gangster rap music would begin to really care then they would try to find and fix the conditions that this art of music comes from and stop criticizing the artist. In otherShow MoreRelatedRegulating Children And Teen s Music Choice1343 Words   |  6 PagesRegulate Children and Teen’s Music Choice Music is prevalent and can be heard in a plethora of places such as, grocery stores, on the radio, and even on commercials. There are thousands of different genres of music that all serve the same purpose. Music varies all over the world and it is undeniable that it is very influential. It has the power to bring people together, put people in a good mood, bring back memories and inspire. Although music can be a positive influence by triggering happiness andRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Hot Nigga Essay1590 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"coolness.† They played the song for me and as I paid attention to the lyrics, I noted its constant mention of violence and I wondered if they did as well. While I initially found the lyrics of the song â€Å"Hot Nigga† disturbing, very quickly I realized that although my cousins proclaimed their love for this â€Å"cool† song and repeated the phrase â€Å"About a week ago† with reckless abandonment, they seemed to lack awareness of the rest of the lyrics. This became evident when I asked them to sing it, and the onlyRead MoreNegative Effects Of Pop Music1706 Words   |  7 Pages What makes children abusive ? Is it the lyrics of the music ? Is music really the target for children and teen behavior ? In my opinion , yes . Lyrics today in popular music glorifies the wrong thing to promote the selling of their music . In the society we live in today kids and teens are being influenced and guided by the wrong path of the choices of music they listen to such as hard core rap for example. Artists of popular music doesn’t put their focus on younger children , their focus isRead More Pop-Music - Beating and Killing Women Essay976 Words   |  4 PagesPop-Music - Beating and Killing Women nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;What would happen if you found out that a certain type of food was bad for you; would you stop eating it? Similarly, if you found out a certain type of music was bad for you; would you stop listening to it? Wouldn’t you need proof before you make a decision? John Hamerlinck, a freelance writer in St. Cloud, Minnesota uses this article, â€Å"Killing Women: A Pop-Music Tradition†, to make his major point of how popular music is theRead MoreEssay about Negative Effects of Music on the Mind1093 Words   |  5 PagesToday many people believe that violent music has aggressive and hostile reactions in children, because those who listen to aggressive music often act aggressively too. Brad Bushman, Professor of Psychology and Communication Studies at the University of Michigan, in his article Media violence and the American public in American Psychologist for 2001 says, that measuring such correlation (between agressive music and its consequences in re al life) in laboratory studies would clearly be unethical,Read MoreRaps Extremely Powerful Influence Essay1163 Words   |  5 PagesRaps Extremely Powerful Influence Rap music has been a part of this world since the 1960’s, and it has gone through hundreds of different stages in its time. However, the number one thing that people think of when they hear rap music is crime, violence, alcohol, drugs and other negative influences. Despite these common beliefes on what rap music is about, it can be an extremely positive influence. Educating the youth and community about the bad things happening around us and how they’re affectingRead MoreRap and Moral Character Essay741 Words   |  3 Pagescritics have railed against the alleged harms of rap music. It is misogynistic and promotes violence (especially toward women), crass materialism, and street crime. Virtually all of the arguments about rap focus on its alleged effects—harmful or, occasionally, beneficial. Yet such arguments are difficult to prove. While not suggesting we abandon approaches like this, the focus on effects ignores another important moral argument—rap music is both a sign of and contributes to a form of corruptionRead MoreThe Music Of The Hip Hop1673 Words   |  7 Pagesin the United States popular and around the world. â€Å"Love, love me do, you know I love you, I’ll always be true, so please, love me do, whoa, love me do† The Beatles. â€Å"Love Me Do† was recorded in 1962 by The Beatles. â€Å"Love Me Do† a favorite for the lovers of oldies music. The writing of this â€Å"great philosophical song† Paul McCartney states, he writes about his then girlfriend. The difference from both â€Å"Rappers Delight† and â€Å"Love Me Do† Sugarhill Gang was much more of a freestyle poetry and The BeatlesRead MoreThe Start Of Hip Hop1094 Words   |  5 PagesThe start of hip hop began as creative lyrics. Young urban youth expressing themselves creatively through rhymes spoken to music. A time when groups gathered and had a good time with no fear of violence erupting. However as hip hop evolved, the lyri cs changed and it began to take a turn for the worse. The lyrics are no longer a positive outlet to express the problems the youth face, it is no longer â€Å"a compelling distraction from the turmoil of inner-city life† (Green 47). Rap has a huge followingRead MoreThe Impact Of Rap Music On Today s Society867 Words   |  4 PagesThe impact of rap music in today’s society is extremely substantial. Many Americans listen to rap music, even though different rap artist discuss various issues in their songs, it may influences their fans to do the same. A large amount of rap music contains explicit lyrics that describe illegal activities, aggression, and sexual content. Researchers from Iowa State University and the Texas Department of Human Services found that aggressive music lyrics increase aggressive thought and feelings, might

The Importance Of Religious Differences - 1524 Words

After an overnight flight and a six hour time shift, our Calvary Church delegation received warm greetings at Lyon Saint-Exupery Airport in France, a seventy minute flight southeast of Paris and a sixty minute drive to our home-base city of Grenoble. Later that afternoon we were in the heart of Historical Grenoble on a historical city tour. Sometime afterward, Missionary Roy asked how many Muslims did you see in town? I answered, Not very many. We saw a lot more last year. About 50% of those you saw today, were Muslims, he countered. Roy was teaching us to observe people as a missionary. Most of them were wearing western clothing but last visit, closer to the beginning of Ramadan, many more followed the Islamic dress code. I†¦show more content†¦This youth camp seeks to minister to French youth families throughout the summer. Many hands make light work. With our group we finished some simple work projects saving the staff a lot of time and received some training about Islam from our ministry partner. In the afternoon we climbed, by SUVs, the rest of the way up the mountains to a ski resort town, Les Deux Alps (The Two Alps) [elevation 5,400 ft]. Someone erected a cross at the other end of town which overlooks the snow capped mountains [elevation 11,800 ft] in the background. Back in Grenoble for the rest of the week we were beginning our primary ministry, prayer walking. Before doing ministry in any area we surrounded the area in prayer one or more days in advance. We prayer walked in three areas. First, in a poorer immigrant Islamic neighborhood of apartment buildings where drug dealers hang out. There is a ministry which Roy participates in which holds a kids club during the school year. At the end of the year a carnival is put on for the kids and a big barbeque for them and their parents. A couple of days after the prayer walk we formed groups of three, two Americans plus one translator, went to the doors of families whose children participate in the club and passed out invitations. One group was invited in. WhileShow MoreRelatedIsrael And Palestine Conflict Between Judaism And Islam1568 Words   |  7 PagesIsrael and Palestine The conflict between the Palestinians and the Israelis is largely a religious conflict. Even though religion, ethnicity, territory, and politics are inextricably interwoven, the conflict is largely fueled and driven on by the religious rift between Judaism and Islam. Without the religious component of a Jewish state and the religious identity of the Palestinians clashing against one another, perhaps the conflict would still have emerged out of territorial or nationalistic disputesRead MoreA Study On The s Las Meninas ( The Maids Of Honor )1595 Words   |  7 Pagessubject matter similarities and differences worth making note of, most specifically the presence of duality in focus within the paintings. The first painting is 17th century art from India, Bichitr’s piece depicts Jahangiri being seated among an hourglass shape, giving a book to the Sufi Shaikh, a religious figure, while those below him are the Ottoman Sultant and King James I of England. The piece exhibits the choice by Jahangir to give the book to the religious figure rather than the politicalRead MoreReligion and Spirituality in the Workplace Essay1680 Words   |  7 PagesToday there are over 900 religious employee resource groups, according to the International Coalition of Workplace Ministries (Caà ±as Sondak, 2010). These affinity groups can help encourage religious understanding by offering panel discussions that educate employees on their beliefs. By allowing open discussion, answering religious questions and creating an open, welcoming religious environment in the workplace employees can better relate to one another through shared religious principles (Caà ±as SondakRead MoreEthics And Standards Fo r Professional Psychology1264 Words   |  6 PagesThe Ethics Behind a Spiritual and Religious Use in a Therapeutic Setting Ophelia Lee Kaplan University Ethics and Standards for Professional Psychology Professor Peter Lenz May 4, 2015 This paper addresses the complexity of spirituality and religion in a therapeutic setting. This paper includes examples and information regarding upholding the Ethics Code while using religion and spiritual reasoning in psychology. It addresses the issues of a multi-faith setting, information and researchRead MoreAssess the Reasons Why Young People Seem to Participate in Religious Activity Less Than Older Generations923 Words   |  4 PagesShown in recent statistics, is that younger people, who are over 15 (as children under this age are usually forced by parents), do not participate in religious activity as much as the older generation – excluding the over 65s group, this is usually because they cannot get to church easily due to ill-health and disabilities. 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These can be along the dimensions of race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, age, physical abilities, religious beliefs, political beliefs, or other ideologies. It is the exploration of these differences in a safe, positive, and nurturing environment. It is about understanding each other and moving beyond simple toleranceRead MoreHan China vs. Mauryan/Gupta India Essay1132 Words   |  5 PagesAnalyze similarities and differences in methods of political control in the following empires in the classical period. Han China (206 B.C.E.-220 C.E.) Mauryan/Gupta India (320 B.C.E.-550 C.E.) During the Classical period, Han China and Mauryan/Gupta India developed many methods of political control. Although these empires were located in different geographic regions, they both used social hierarchy, language, bureaucracy, and religion as a means of political control. Many of ClassicalRead MoreThe Old Testament1235 Words   |  5 Pageswere desperate to know the truth, and the teachings of the God and hence prophets aided these longings of theirs. Religious ritualism, social injustice, and idolatry were the three areas in which the prophets emphasized in their preaching and filled the hearts and minds of their believers with it. Prophets were enlightened and blessed beings that had much knowledge about the religious matters and their teachings are of still very significant and valid. The Bible instructs numerous cases of the SocialRead MoreImportance Of Christian Ecumenical Movements And Interfaith Dialogue1573 Words   |  7 Pages The importance of Christian ecumenical movements and interfaith dialogue in Australia post World War II is of great significance to the broader Australian society. 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The Limited Omnipotence in Dr. Faustus free essay sample

When an audience looks at Christopher Marlowe as a writer in Doctor Faustus, they might believe the play is a discussion on religion. The discussion in Faustus is the decision of what to believe in, whether it may be a polytheistic or monotheistic religion. Dr. Faustus represents mans discontent with being human and the struggle of accepting the lack of omnipotence and omniscience. In Faustus, he is repeatedly questioned on his belief in his knowledge of magic, good, and evil. Faustus wants all this power and ability but to achieve this he must have knowledge in the power or religion. However, Faustus’s downfall is not his power but his knowledge in the power he possesses which is in the end limited. As one can see in Stephen Orgel’s Essay Magic and Power in Doctor Faustus, Orgel points out that Faustus did not really bargain much in his deal with the devil and he really did not know what to ask for in the end. He has all this great knowledge but he is not ambitious enough to really embrace the power he has just been given. In this brilliant play by Marlowe, he challenges the audience to look within and choose whether having great knowledge leads to a fulfilling destiny. In the beginning of the play, the audience finds Faustus in his study, going over logic, medicine, law, religion, and magic. In the play, he only studies these subjects half way thinking he understands what he is reading by receiving all the knowledge but not really grasping the whole picture. For example, when looking at religion Faustus reads in the Bible from Romans 6:23 â€Å"The wages of sin is Death†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Faustus stops in the middle of the verse and concludes that when we sin we must die an everlasting death. However the rest of the verse goes â€Å" †¦but the gift of God is eternal life,† Faustus knows that studying leads to knowledge of the truth, but if he only concludes on only half of the subject knowledge is nothing because of the truth he wants to believe. Faustus’ narrow-minded conception is his great downfall. As Orgel puts it, â€Å"Faustus himself is a hero and a clown because he has unbounded ambition and an insufficient imagination. † Faustus insufficient imagination is shown when he dives into magic. Magic deals with the body, the intellect, and the infatuation on material things; which is a retreat from reality and responsibility. This power has no rules it is a free will power to do whatever, whenever. Faustus’ greed for power to live in an indulgent life leads him astray to make the pact with the devil. When summoning Mephistopheles he expresses his desire to live a fulfilled life, to be the emperor of the world, to control nature and to obtain the full knowledge of the universe. Orgel states, â€Å"The fantasies of unlimited power are consistently scaled down in the play; until they finally seem to represent something that really ought to be obtainable do you have to make a pact with the devil just to get a decent job or someone to go to bed with? Orgel has a point because the unlimited power ends up having so many rules and regulations to follow. Faustus initial instincts in the beginning of the play when presented with the dark magic power are altruistic. Before Faustus makes his deal, he proclaims â€Å"I’ll have them wall all Germany with brass, / And make swift the Rhine, circle faire W ittenberg. / I’ll have them fill the public schools with silk,/ Wherewith the students shall be bravely clad. / I’ll levy soldiers with the coin they bring,/And chase the Prince of Parma from our land,/ And rein sole king of all the provinces. The promise of restoration for the people of Germany, for the reclaiming of his homeland from an emperors and the church’s rule are all empty promises. Everyone one time or another wanted to do something great for someone else but it turns out to be something very different, which leads to a big disaster. Faustus has all great intentions however; his selfless ambitions eventually become selfish for his own personal enjoyments. One of Faustus’ ambitions is to become emperor freeing the people from the reign of Prince Parma. A heroic gesture at first until Faustus decides he does not want to be the emperor but be the emperor’s entertainer. After saving making a big fool of the pope and saving Bruno, the emperors pick for the next pope, Faustus’ uses this gesture as an inside invitation to get close to the emperor. Does he forget the power he has because he could be emperor in a blink of an eye then everyone would want to be on â€Å"Great Faustus† good side? However, Faustus uses his power for entertainment by conjuring the spirits of past great emperors like Alexander the Great, and the great emperor Darius. This allusion almost put the emperor into frenzy because he looks up to these great emperors. Faustus also plays a trick on Benvloio because he was in disbelief of Faustus’ magic. The emperor’s court believes that Faustus is doing all theses trick by himself but Mephistopheles is really the one doing all of these magical things according to Faustus desire. Because Faustus gave his soul to the devil, Mephistopheles does not care what Faustus does because after his contract is up, Faustus souls is Mephistopheles. Faustus greatest desire is not ruling the world its revenge, and sexual subversion from religion. Faustus eventually wants a wife but Mephistopheles will not allow that because marriage is a sacred (godly) thing. This is just one example of how Mephistopheles led Faustus astray from the real power and truth. Mephistopheles substitute for Faustus desire for a wife is a promise to bring a new girl everyday only for Faustus sexual pleasure. However, Faustus does not settle with a real women but a figure of a women. The figure of a woman meant a mere image that cannot be touched or loved just some image to admire. In Faustus final hours he requests to see Helen of Troy but he cannot touch her at all because she is a spirit in figure. If Faustus were smart, he would not let this rule stand in the way because he believes to have power over Mephistopheles so if Faustus wants Helen of Troy to sleep with he gets it. The audience can see Faustus ambitions being twisted to more ambitions that are not committed to a particular thing; he wants to fly, to go to Rome, to be invisible, to humiliate the pope, to be mischievous without consequences. Eventually all Faustus wants is to study the knowledge of the universe which Mephistopheles brings him all the books in the entire world to study. Faustus has a lack of imagination but maybe it is not imagination but his scholarly lack of originality. In the end does Faustus make a great bargain with the devil was it a waste of twenty-four years? Audiences can agree that Faustus becomes immature with his power so his bargain seems to be a waste of time. If it is true that, doctrinally, Faustus cannot repent, it is a doctrine that Faustus is either unaware of or denies. What he says, several times, is that he is afraid to repent, afraid that the devils will tear him to pieces if he does-as if this were worse than, or different from, being carried off to hell . In the final moment of frustration, seeing Christ’s blood stream in the firmament and convinced that ‘One drop would save my soul,’ Faustus calls out ‘I will leap up to my God: who pulls me down? The play is in this respect much more a temptation than a warning We see that we could do it better, make bargain and get away with it, have the world and have repentance too. The greatest danger is not damnation, its human envy. For all the play’ talks of power, its principle theme is survival.

Knowledge, Power, Wisdom, Truth, And The Like Essays - Epistemology

Knowledge, Power, Wisdom, Truth, and The Like Everyone has heard the idiom ?knowledge is power.? In fact, it has become a clich? in our culture. But is this statement true? What exactly is the relationship between knowledge and power? Are the two independent of each other? Or are they mutually exclusive? Are there times when one must defer to the other, making one of them superior to the other? Or, perhaps, is wisdom a more important attribute than knowledge? Aside from the issue of knowledge and power is the issue of truth and power. Is there a difference between something being held as true and the actual truth? Is there only one truth, or are there many contradicting truths? In order for something to be true, must it be accepted by those in power? Conversely, must those in power acknowledge the truth in order to remain in power? No one knows for sure who first coined the phrase ?knowledge is power?, but one can suppose that it was someone who greatly valued education and learning. It can also be imagined that this person was a student of the world around him, as he noticed that although ignorant people came into power by bloodline or some other matter, it was intelligent people who would wrest the power away from the ignorant and be more likely to retain it. He noticed that the association between knowledge and power is very closely related. If one was to try to gain power by taking it from someone else, knowledge was a necessary tool. The person attempting to gain power must be knowledgeable of the circumstances surrounding him or her, and he or she must have the knowledge of how to correctly react to changes in the surrounding political environment. Shrewdness is often an essential element involved in a person wrenching power away from the leader. Since shrewdness is defined as being ?intelligent, worldly- wise and clever,? it is obviously ineffective without knowledge. Once power is obtained, knowledge is not cast aside. Rather, it must be improved upon constantly in order to retain the power. It can be said that one does not need much knowledge to posses power, however, it would be errant to state that one does not need knowledge in order to gain or retain power. Although the relationship between knowledge and power is so closely intertwined, are there circumstances in which either knowledge or power must defer to the other? Well, a look back at history serves as the best guide to this question. Throughout history there have been numerous occasions in which knowledge has deferred to power. This mainly occurs when the powers that be have an absolute control, as Machiavelli describes in his book The Prince. For example, when the Roman Catholic Church ruled the known world in the 14th, 15th, and 16th centuries, they censored and suppressed knowledge constantly. They were able to do so because their power was all encompassing. They controlled the religious aspect of the people's lives, and they also ran every facet of the local governments. Because they controlled everything, they had the power to instill fear into the people. As a result of this unimpaired power, the people had nowhere to turn for justice. Although knowledge has succumbed to pow er on many an occasion, one would be hard pressed to find an instance of power giving in to knowledge. I know I sure had a terrible time trying to find an example of this. Then it occurred to me why I couldn't find such an occurrence: power will never be willingly relinquished because of knowledge; rather, it will only be surrendered to a more physically superior power. After all, if the point of power is to be in control, then the entity in power won't give up the desirable power unless physical harm is imminent. Ideas and knowledge are the beginning footsteps in overthrowing a power, but these alone are never enough. This notion of ideas and knowledge being used to obtain power brings up another very important concept. Is knowledge the only thing needed, or is it just the starting point? I believe that wisdom is just as, if not more important than the actual knowledge. The dictionary